CVE-2023-39780 CISA KEV — actively exploited

ASUS RT-AX55 Routers OS Command Injection Vulnerability

ASUS — RT-AX55

On ASUS RT-AX55 3.0.0.4.386.51598 devices, authenticated attackers can perform OS command injection via the /start_apply.htm qos_bw_rulelist parameter. NOTE: for the similar "token-generated module" issue, see CVE-2023-41345; for the similar "token-refresh module" issue, see CVE-2023-41346; for the similar "check token module" issue, see CVE-2023-41347; and for the similar "code-authentication module" issue, see CVE-2023-41348.

CVSS scoreHigh

8.8

EPSS — exploitation probabilityMedium

33.6%

Vector breakdown

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality: High
Integrity: High
Availability: High

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Published: Sep 11, 2023
Modified: Oct 21, 2025
Added to KEV: Jun 2, 2025
Federal patch due: Jun 23, 2025

CISA required action

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Weakness classification

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command

Proof-of-concept & exploitation references

Weaponization

Nuclei template

Not found

Metasploit module

Not found

Public repositories whose name or description references CVE-2023-39780, found via a live GitHub search at request time. These are community-sourced signals, not a verified working exploit - cross-check each one before relying on it, and treat higher star counts and recent activity as (weak) corroboration, not proof.

No public GitHub repositories referencing CVE-2023-39780 were found at last check. Absence here is not proof no exploit exists - see the references below for vendor advisories and write-ups.

References

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2023-39780?

How severe is CVE-2023-39780?

CVE-2023-39780 has a CVSS base score of 8.8 out of 10 (CVSS 3.1).

Is CVE-2023-39780 actively exploited in the wild?

Yes. CVE-2023-39780 is listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog, added Jun 2, 2025, meaning CISA has confirmed evidence of active exploitation.

What is the EPSS score for CVE-2023-39780?

33.6% - meaning FIRST.org's EPSS model estimates a 33.6% probability this vulnerability will be exploited in the wild within 30 days (98% percentile among all scored CVEs).

What type of vulnerability is CVE-2023-39780?

CVE-2023-39780 is classified under CWE-78 (CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')).

Cross-checked against

Impactr finds and proves whether CVE-2023-39780 - or flaws like it - are actually reachable in your own web apps and APIs, with a reproducible exploit as evidence.

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